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  • Written for melanin-rich skin
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Acne marks

4 questions on this topic, across every category.

What causes dark spots on the face?

Dark spots on the face are caused by melanocytes producing extra melanin in one area. The most common triggers are: sun exposure (UV and visible light), inflammation from acne, eczema, bug bites or picking at skin, hormonal changes such as pregnancy or the pill, irritation from harsh products or hair removal, and certain medications. On darker skin tones, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation after breakouts is the leading cause of dark spots.

What is post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH)?

Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a flat dark mark that appears after the skin has been inflamed or injured, for example by acne, a cut, a burn, eczema, a rash or an aggressive skincare product. Inflammation signals pigment cells to make more melanin, which is left behind as a brown, grey or dark patch once the skin heals. PIH is more frequent and longer-lasting in skin of colour (Fitzpatrick types IV to VI). Marks in the upper skin layer often improve over several months; deeper pigment can take a year or longer.

What is the difference between dark spots and acne scars?

Dark spots after acne (post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation) are a colour change only: the skin is flat and smooth, just darker. True acne scars change the skin's texture, either as indents (atrophic scars such as ice pick, boxcar or rolling scars) or raised bumps (hypertrophic or keloid scars). Red or purple marks, more visible on lighter skin, are called post-inflammatory erythema. Colour marks usually improve with time, sun protection and brightening ingredients, while textured scars generally need professional procedures.

How can I prevent dark marks after a breakout?

To prevent dark marks after acne: do not pick, squeeze or scrub blemishes, because extra inflammation means extra pigment; calm breakouts early with gentle, non-stripping products; wear broad-spectrum SPF 30 or higher every day so UV and visible light don't deepen marks; and add an antioxidant such as vitamin C or niacinamide to your routine. The faster inflammation settles, the lighter and shorter-lived any post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation will be.